What is Metabolic Health Screening?
Metabolic Health Screening identifies changes in the lining of the esophagus caused by chronic acid reflux. In this condition, normal cells are replaced by abnormal, precancerous cells, which increases the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Screening helps detect these changes early, when monitoring or treatment can prevent cancer development. Screening is typically performed using upper endoscopy with biopsy.
When is Screening Recommended?
Screening is recommended for people with long-standing GERD, especially if they have additional risk factors. These include:
- Age over 50
- Caucasian ethnicity
- Being male
- Obesity, particularly central obesity
- Smoking history
- Family history of Barrett’s or esophageal cancer
- Chronic reflux symptoms for more than 5 years
These patients may benefit from periodic surveillance to monitor progression.
How is Screening Performed?
Screening is performed with an upper endoscopy. A thin, flexible tube with a camera is passed through the mouth into the esophagus. The physician visually examines the tissue and may take small biopsies to determine whether changes consistent with Barrett’s esophagus or dysplasia are present. The procedure is typically done under sedation and takes 10 to 20 minutes.
What to Expect After Screening?
Most patients recover quickly from sedation, experiencing mild grogginess and a sore throat for 24 hours. Normal diet is usually resumed the same day. Results from biopsies may take several days. Patients with abnormal findings may require follow-up endoscopies or treatment.
What are the Benefits of Screening?
Benefits of screening include:
- Early detection of precancerous changes
- Reduced risk of esophageal cancer
- Ability to monitor disease progression
- Access to early treatment options
- Peace of mind through proactive diagnosis