What is Stool Testing and Microbiome Assessment?
Stool testing and microbiome assessment analyze the composition and function of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms living in the gastrointestinal tract. These tests can detect imbalances, inflammation, infections, and digestive disorders. Detailed microbiome analysis also evaluates microbial diversity and metabolic activity to better understand gut health and its impact on digestion, immunity, and metabolism.
When is Testing Recommended?
Testing is recommended for individuals with ongoing digestive symptoms, suspected infections, or conditions influenced by gut microbiota. Common indications include:
- Chronic bloating, gas, diarrhea, or constipation
- Irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease
- Suspected infections or parasites
- Food sensitivities or malabsorption
- Unexplained abdominal pain
- Unexplained weight loss or nutrient deficiencies
- Autoimmune or metabolic conditions
Testing may also be recommended for patients interested in personalized nutrition or gut-directed therapies.
How is Testing Performed?
The patient collects a stool sample at home using a collection kit. The sample is analyzed in a laboratory using culture-based or DNA sequencing technologies to measure microbes, inflammation markers, digestive enzymes, and pathogens. Results typically identify bacterial populations, dysbiosis, markers of intestinal permeability, and evidence of infection.
What are the Risks of Testing?
The test is safe. Possible limitations include:
- False negatives with low organism levels
- Variability based on sample handling
- Limited insurance coverage
What are the Benefits of Testing?
Potential benefits include:
- Identifying the cause of persistent digestive symptoms
- Detecting infection or inflammation
- Guiding targeted probiotics, diet, and treatment strategies
- Improving gut health and overall wellness